Discovery of a 1,500-year-old Byzantine monastery in Southern Israel
In a groundbreaking find, archaeologists from the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) have uncovered the remains of a Byzantine monastery that dates back 1,500 years. Located north of Kiryat Gat, in Israel’s Southern District, the discovery was made during excavations for the development of the Karmei Gat North neighborhood.
An impressive early Byzantine monastery site.
The site, dating to the 5th–6th centuries, reveals a large monastic complex strategically placed along an ancient route connecting the mountains and the coastal plain. This location likely made it a vital stop for both travelers and local residents during the early Byzantine era. Inside the monastery, the archaeologists found imported wares, coins, marble fragments, and metal and glass vessels, reflecting the prosperity of the establishment.
However, the site’s history is much older, dating back to early Roman times, showing around 600 years of continuous occupation until the end of the Byzantine era, with the Arab conquest in the late 630s.
Striking Byzantine floor mosaics.
One of the most striking features of the monastery is a large mosaic floor, featuring a latin cross and including a Greek inscription from Deuteronomy that reads: “Blessed are you when you come in, and blessed are you when you go out.” This passage, a blessing from God to the Israelites, symbolizes divine protection and prosperity.
The mosaic also features detailed designs of crosses, lions, doves, and various plants, showcasing the artistry and religious themes of the time.
According to Mark Avrahami, Head of Artistic Conservation at the Israel Antiquities Authority, “The mosaic discovered in Kiryat Gat is one of the most unique ever found in Israel.” To preserve this artwork, the mosaic will be moved to the Israel Antiquities Authority’s mosaic workshop for conservation before being displayed in the city.
Additional remarkable discoveries.
In addition to the mosaic, archaeologists uncovered the foundations of over ten significant structures, including a winepress, a ceramics workshop, and a sizable warehouse. These discoveries provide valuable insight into the monastery’s role in the local economy and community.
The researchers described the winepress as a remarkable feat of engineering, reflecting the substantial financial investment that went into its construction. Key features of the winepress included mosaic-tiled fermentation rooms and vats engraved with Greek letters, which served as marks left by the builders.
The excavation also uncovered remnants of local pottery production, including debris from a ceramic factory, refuse pits, and imperfect vessels, shedding light on the area’s craft activities.
Additionally, many artifacts from the Byzantine era were found, including a large number of ceramic oil lamps, pottery, and even horse-shaped toys for children’s enjoyment.
This discovery represents the largest and most significant archaeological site from the Roman and Byzantine periods in the region. It highlights the spread of Christianity in this fertile area, where the development of monasticism led to the establishment of numerous monasteries.
Photographic credits: IAA
Source: IAA website and the Jerusalem Post.
